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Zen in the art of troubleshooting. (systems library techniqu(3)

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      later the problem came up again. I asked a library assistant to show
      me another example. "But you said it was impossible to fix," she
      reminded me.
      In half an hour we had isolated the problem and fixed it. The system
      had received the information but did not know it. The fix was just a
      matter of sending the interface unit something that would satisfy
      its search for a second screen without adding anything to the
      record. With intermittent problems, the main challenge is finding
      out what the problem really is. Once you find out what is different
      about the thing that malfunctions, it is usually easy to fix.
      Accepting uncertainty
      Sometimes things will return to normal before you figure out what
      went wrong. I call this the "uncertainty factor" and have learned to
      just accept it. A problem is quickly forgotten unless the machine
      does the same again within a few days. I don't feel that I have to
      know every aspect of a problem--especially if the problem
      disappears.
      Often after quick fixes, people ask how I did it. I mutter about
      fooling with the connections and prodding the thing. "But I did
      that!" they exclaim, and then they wonder if my job has an element
      of magic. It is useful for people to believe this. There seems to be
      a greater chance of success if the person believes that the machine
      will work as soon as I look at it. However, I must guard against
      believing my own clippings.
      The solutions for long-term problems often prove to be simple--so
      simple that I could kick myself later. One of my favorites was a
      machine in the acquisitions department that could not be used for
      check-ins. When the check-in box appeared, the data would start to
      fall apart. We checked the settings repeatedly, and they were
      identical to the other machines in acquisitions, even though the
      balky machine was an earlier model.
      Swapping cables with the machine on the next desk didn't help,
      proving that the problem was with the machine itself. In
      desperation, I tried changing the terminal emulation. This seemed to
      affect the check-in boxes. The machine could not handle the terminal
      emulation it was running, but our acquisitions system couldn't run
      anything else. Finally, the terminal was swapped with one linked to
      the cataloging and circulation system, which can be set at VT100
      terminal emulation. It has worked perfectly ever since.
      When a piece of equipment is broken, the only procedure is to send