A Review of Metaphysics: East & West(10)
时间:2008-01-23 11:59来源:Chung-Hwa Buddhist Journal,Vol作者:Kenneth … 点击:
thought of mutual penetration and mutual identification of
the elements of experience. Even God in its primordial and
consequent natures functioned within the inner dynamics of
this cosmology. He was always guided by a profound synoptic
vision of the nature of things, albeit Western and largely
Platonic. He cleansed Western thought of some categorical
errors, such as, the bifurcation of nature. In all this, he
brought Western philosophy closer to a
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global nature and intercourse with the East.
Kant and Whitehead, and many others in the West like
Heidegger and Wittgenstein, have brought global sense of
philosophy to a higher plane. Yet, it seems that Western
thinkers in general have not been able to accommodate basic
Eastern thought, such as, emptiness and non-being, into
their epistemology and metaphysics. Kant's three
transcendentals cannot handle them, nor can Whitehead's
concept of creativity, Bergson's temporal reality,
Heidegger's being-in-the-world or Sartre's existential
nothingness.
In our enterprise today, we must be wary of past mistakes
in imposing high sounding but irrelevant metaphysical
theories on human nature and function. We must not, for
example, introduce strictly non-human forces into human
experiential content. Should there be any forces, they must
conform to and comprise the very nature of experiential
content itself and not be something totally external or
alien. With this in mind, the organic type of metaphysics is
advanced. This type is connected with the ontological nature
of things where the term, ontology, is not restricted to the
traditional metaphysical view of treating entities,
including the self, as separate and independent. For, in the
final analysis, there are no entities floating in mid-air.
Vacuous existence is mere thought and has no credence in any
life or experience.
It goes without saying that to see things from within a
system locked in a dichotomous framework, is very difficult,
if not impossible. This is because any resolution may turn
out to be another example of a dichotomy or a further
refinement of the existing dichotomy.
It certainly is about time that we look earnestly at
ourselves as a vital organism which extends out borderlessly
to the surrounding world. For example, the Buddhist wheel of
life is not internally bound but extends to the entire
external world reported by perceptual data, however
invisible and inconsequential some aspects of the data may
be. It is about time also that our perception be holistic in
the sense that the inner and outer realms are not treated
separately or dichotomously. These realms should collapase
or are strictly non-divisive except that the mind lapses or
lags behind in a sort of
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perceptual habit of dichotomization.
In pursuing this habit of dichotomization, we may go a
step further to assert that notions, such as, unity, oneness
and totality are generally mental constructs which do not
ultimately have anything to do with the nature of things.
Yet, it must be admitted that we normally perceive things
dichotomously or fragmentarily. This means that there must
be some corrective measures implemented to compensate and
balance our perception into a holistic nature. Meditative
discipline is one such important measure and, although the
vast majority of the people are not attuned to its worth,
being wary of its method and consequences, many Westerners
are presently engaged in it in centers throughout the world.
This is indeed an auspicious sign. It should ease the way