A Review of Metaphysics: East & West(4)
时间:2008-01-23 11:59来源:Chung-Hwa Buddhist Journal,Vol作者:Kenneth … 点击:
nature of experience relative to organic metaphysics is
necessarily difficult to fathom at least on first encounter,
but it deserves more patient attention in light of exposure
to Eastern thought and culture. Let us explore the Eastern
tradition and see how its rounded nature of metaphysics come
into play. Take the case of China, for example. The Chinese
from time immemorial had sensed the movement of the world,
inclusive of man's activities, as involving a balanced,
rhythmic flow that does not at any time go into extremes.
They simply called it the Tao (道) the Way of the nature of
things. But the concept of the Tao is not the easiest to
describe nor to comprehend; in fact Taoist philosophy put a
stop to all analysis by stating clearly that the Tao is
ultimately indescribable and indefinable. Stating so, the
Chinese did not abandon all talk or search for it. Its
initial elusiveness and complexity were but the basic
challenge for one to intimate with it.
P.367
The very first verse or chapter of the Tao Te Ching
reveals that the Tao is two-faceted: one facet is indirect
and relates to human endeavors in the realm of the senses,
the other in subtle and profound ways refers to the realm
beyond human endeavors. But the "gates" to both facets are
always open, if only one has the proper basis of perception
to function on. Like the function (用) and substance
(体) dynamic inherence, the senses and non-sense realm reveal
different natures but both are infrastructural and united.
They constantly derive meaning and subsistence from each
other.
For a closer look at the phenomenal dynamics based on the
Tao, the Chinese came up with a most ingenious symbolization,
i.e., the yin-yang (阴阳) phenomenon. When the mind focuses
on understanding the phenomenon, it seems inevitable that
the phenomenon itself will be divided into elements or two
mutually exclusive principles and that these two are placed
in dynamic relationship. Indeed they are in dynamic
relationship but not as separate or independent entities.
There is no dualism involved here, nor is there a monism
for that matter. These terms, dualism and monism, are rigid
metaphysical absolutes which the Chinese did not conceive
of from the very beginning. This is not to say however that
there had not been any dualistic interpretation later by
commentators in and out of China.
The yin-yang, as hyphenated, depicts reality in the
flow without any division or lacuna. The only time it
seems to be separated is when the mind attempts to decipher
the course of function by way of either yin or yang
dominancy. But that is strictly a theoretical accounting and
a far cry from the way reality reveals itself. So when the
mind deals with the function of reality, it already removes
itself from that reality by its dichotomous nature, thereby
reducing reality to mere conventional knowledge. The mind
however is a necessary component in the perception of
reality and functions completely within the yin-yang
phenomenon. In consequence, the mind in its normal function
cannot really understand what is happening except after the
consummation of the event or events. Put this amounts to a
post mortem analysis of the momentary dynamic existence
exhibited by the yin-yang phenomenon.
P.368
The yin-yang phenomenon is arguably one of the finest
representation ever made by man in coming to grips with the
dynamic nature of things. This is the Oriental way of
explaining the simple changes (易)by retaining the all