to be sure, but he deftly turned these into words
with different contextual meaning; he also went ahead
to use seemingly illogical terms or, in a very
dramatic way, he turned the old familiar terms
literally up-side-down. Such terms as anaatman
(nonself), in contradistinction to the accepted term,
aatman (self), or anitya (impermanence), instead of
nitya (permanence) , are indeed difficult to
understand, much less accept, in a tradition-bound
culture. But the insight of the Buddha proved to be
fruitful and enduring, as history has attested. We
must now attempt to see where the Buddha and
Whitehead converge in the discourse on the nature of
ultimate reality.
In the search for a common ground and perspective
the most natural and fruitful area on which to
concentrate would be man's nature. Both men were
intensely concerned with its ultimate status, and the
Buddha, even without the benefits of scientific
methodology and technique, was able to present a
remarkably sound view. Thus the dialogue between the
two should be meaningful and significant only as we
comprehend the similar strains in their ways of
thinking. Obviously the dialogue cannot be a strict
one-to-one comparison of details or minutiae in the
Buddha's and Whitehead's complete concepts of man.
That would be an impossible task not only on the
historical count but also with respect to the
cultural differences which ultimately dictate the
type of meaning specifically conveyed by the terms in
use. Moreover, it should be noted at the outset that
the aim or goal of man in the two concepts differs
quite drastically, especially in the realm of
religious experience, so that some comparative
analysis would have to be left out. However, if the
more basic points are focused on the results should
be rewarding.
The paper will then concentrate on Whitehead's
concept of an actual entity (or actual occasion) as a
basis for comparison with the Buddhist concept of
anaatman (the nonbifurcated-bifurcating "self").(2)
These concepts are seemingly
____________________________
2. I have now come to understand the anaatman concept
as a nonbifurcated-bifurcating "self" because in