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       Institute, Patna, 1967, p. 54) equate sama

       dhi with "cittasya ekagrata".

     (11)   The expression "ubbilla  vitattam" should mean

       a "state of agitation".It  is an abstract  noun

       made  out  of  the  causative  past  participle

       "ubbillavita"  of the verbal root vell with the

       prefix "ud".The following rules should be taken

       into consideration  in understanding  the term:

       1) Frequently  "e" is shortened  to "i"  before

       double consonants  (Geiger, Pali Grammar,15.1);

       2) Voicing  of "p"  to "v"  is  common  in Pali

       (Geiger, ibid. 38.5).So ubbillapita seems to be

       the original form of ubbillavita.3)  Dv becomes

       bb through vv by progressive assimilation.

 

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        from   rapture   (piti),   is   equanimous

       (upekkhako), mindful  (sato)  and understanding

       (sampajanno)   and   experiences   happiness

       (sukha) ─ whom (i.e.the  atta)the  aryans call

       "equanimous, mindful, and dwelling in happiness

       ’─ dwells  having  attained  the third jhana,

       thus  the  atta  ? has  attained  the  supreme

       nibbana  in the visible world."  Thus do some

       declare  the supreme  nibbana  in the visible

       world.

 

   c) The fourth  jhana

 

     To  him......   Why?

       "Since in that case sukha (happiness) means the

       enjoyment throught attention  (abhoga)(  注 12)

       of mind, due  to this  it  is  called  gross

       (olarika).Since,  sir, due  to  the  abandoning

       (pahana) of happiness, due to the abandoning of

       pain (dukkha) due to the previous disappearance

       of gladness and sadness (somanassa-domanassanam

       atthagama)  tihs atta attains and abides in the

       fourth   jhana   of  neither-pain-nor-happiness