Gata^m ki^m gamyamaana^m kimagata^m ki^m vikalpyate
ad.r'syamaana aarambhe gamanasyaiva sarvathaa.
The gone-to present-being-gone-to, the
not-yet-gone-to, all are mentally
The beginning of going not being seen in any way.
In the remaining verses of Chapter II (15-25)
Naagaajuna continues his task of refuting motion by
defeating various formulations designed to show how
real motion is to be analyzed. Thus, for example, in
II:15 the opponent argues for the existence of motion
from the existence of rest; that is, since the two
notions are relative, if the one has real reference,
the other must also. In particular we may speak of a
goer ceasing to go. As Naagaarjuna shows in II:15-17,
however, the designation of this abiding goer is
even more difficult than the designation of a goer
who actually goes. There are also arguments
concerning the relationship between goer and activity
of going, and the relationship between goer and that
which is to be gone-to. None of these introduces any
new style of argumentation, however; all seem to be
variations on objections already raised. In
particular, none of the arguments presented in these
verses is susceptible to a "mathematical
Interpretation. Thus we shall bring our analysis of
MMK II to a close here, merely noting in passing that
where Zeno has four Paradoxes, one designed to refute
each permutation of the ramified
p.297
Pythagorean spatiotemporal analysis, we have
succeeded in uncovering only three such arguments in
Naagaarjuna. The 'first (II: 1) covers the case of
infinitely divisible space and infinitely divisible
time; the third (II.12-13) deals with infinitely
divisible time, and thus covers the two cases of
discontinuous space and infinitely divisible time,
and continuous or infinitely divisible space and
infinitely divisible time (already covered by II:1).