won three vij~naanas in three states, have close

　　　　  relationship.

　　   (3) The "aadaanavij~naana"  in the thired  state  is

　　　　  not only higher  and longer  in activities  than

　　　　  "aalayavij~naana"  and  "vipaakavij~naana",  but

　　　　  also  the  object  of the "manas"  in the  third

　　　　  state, which is different  from the impure  mind

　　　　  (kli.s.ta-manas, 染污意 )mentioning in the texts

　　　　  of

　　　　　　　　　　　　  P.390

　　　　　　　　　　　　  P.391

　　   MSVy[v-p], 29 转识论 translated by Paramaartha.

　　　　  At any rate Kuei-chi  claims  that  both  Eighth

　　   Vij~naana  an  Seventh  Vij~naana  in the  state  of

　　   supreme  truth  (paramaartha-satya, 胜义谛 )are good

　　   and pure natures.  This is why Kuei-chi  selects the

　　   theories  of the pure mind  "suunyataa", "tathataa",

　　   "tathaagata-garbha." and "buddha-gotra" etc. for the

　　   explanation  of  the  nature  of "chien-hsiang-chen-

　　   hsing"  (遣相证性 ), one of the Five vij~naanavaada-

　　   perceptions(  五重唯识观  ) .In  this  case,  it  is

　　   necessary  to study the meanings  of "gotra" because

　　   it has connection with "agotra".

　　　　  It is a well-known fact that the dictionaries of

　　   Sanskrit  tell  us that  "gotra"  has  such  various

　　   meanings  of  "protection   for  cows",  "cow-shed",

　　   "family",  "race",  "lineage",  "gesns",　　 "basis",

　　   "species", "cause"  and "seed" etc.30  Among them we

　　   find the term "gotra-bhuu" (man of lineage) is first

　　   introduced in the Early buddhist Canon. The "gotraa"

　　   has the same meanings of "va^m'sa" (系统 )and "kula"

　　   (家  ),  and  then  this  "gotra"  is  used  as  the

　　   "aaryagotra"   (圣人家系  ) in  the  general  Indian

　　   society, but in the Mahaayaana  Buddhism, it is used

　　   as "gotrastha", "gotra-bhuumi" or "tathaagata-gotra"

　　   mentioned  by  Prof.  Takasaki  Jikido.31

　　　　  Generally  speaking  this "gotra" is treated  in

　　   almost all of the mahaayaana-suutras32  with various