problem,let us study  the theories  of VMSVy  [c-k],

　　   for the purpose of seeking out why Kuei-chi explains

　　   that the Fifth Nature, named "agotra" comprises  the

　　   "icchantika"   an-icchantika"　　 and   "aatyantika".

　　　　  Kuei-chi,  in  his   VMSVy   [c-k]7,  introduces

　　   various  theories  from some famous  texts, of these

　　   the  theories  of LAS and MSA, I think, will  be the

　　   important  avenues  whereby  to work  out the  above

　　   problem.  Therefore, I select  the main theories  of

　　   the Fifth  Nature, the "agotra"  in the texts of LAS

　　   and MSA as follows. the main theories of LAS are:8

　　   (1) The   one   who   dejects　　 all   good　　 roots

　　　　  (sarva-ku'salamuulotsarga), not only

　　　　　　　　　　　　  P.384

　　　　  resists  the bodhisattva-pi.taka  (菩萨藏 ), but

　　　　  also dislikes the liberation (mok.sa).  However,

　　　　  if he meets the Buddhas, good friends  etc., and

　　　　  generates  the bodhicitta  (菩提心 ), he finally

　　　　  can attain the nirvaa.na.

　　   (2) The bodhisattva who, for the beneficence  of all

　　　　  the living bings, makes the following  vows from

　　　　  the biginningless time.

　　　　　　  "I will not attain the nirvaana  as long as

　　　　  all the living beings do not attain the nirvaa.na."

　　　　　　  Therefore  He  absolutely  does  not attain

　　　　  the nirvaa.na (atyantato na parinirvaati), since

　　　　  he understands  that the characteristics  of all

　　　　  dharmas　　 are　　 originally　　 in　　 nirvaa.na

　　　　  (aadiparinirv.rtaan  sarvadharmaan  vidita).  In

　　　　  this case he is named the bodhisattvecchantika (

　　　　  菩萨阐提 ).

　　　　  From the above explanations  we understand  that

　　   the Fifth Nature, "agotra"  in LAS has two different

　　   "icchantikas" who own the natures to be the Buddhas.

　　   Therefore,  the  other  meaning   of  "agotra",  the

　　   "without-buddha-gotra"  is  not  explained  in  LAS.

　　   Next, the main theories of MSA are:9