considered, constitute  a  preliminary  orientation.
　　   The  alternatives  of causation, each  denied, are a
　　   meditation  with upholding  of human reason with its
　　   inferences,   definitions,   and   the   like.   The
　　   alternatives   of  existence,  each  denied,  are  a
　　   meditation   with  ultimate  downgrading   of  human
　　   reason, Then to answer  more along the lines  of the
　　   way   Candrakiirti　　 writes:  --Whether   one   who
　　   understands  arises  or does  not arise, "this  true
　　   nature  of dharmas  abides,"--the svabhaava  of that
　　   sort.  So  Candrakiirti  says  in his  Prasannapadaa
　　   commentary on Madhyamaka-kaarikaa, chapter XV:

　　   By svabhaava  ons understands  this  innate  nature,
　　   uncreate, which has not deviated  in the fire in the
　　   past,  present, and  future;  which  did  not  arise
　　   earlier  and will  not  arise  later;  which  is not
　　   dependent  on causes and conditions  as are the heat
　　   of water, (one  or another) of  this  side  and  the
　　   other  side, long  and short. Well, then, does  this
　　   own-nature  of fire  that  is of such  manner  (i.e.
　　   uncreate,  not  dependent) exist? (In  reply: ) This
　　   (svabhaava of such sort) neither exists nor does not
　　   exist  by reason  of own-nature.  While  that is the
　　   case,  still  in  order  to  avoid  frightening  the
　　   hearers, we conventionally  make affirmations  (such
　　   as `It is svabhaava'  and 'It is dharmataa') and say
　　   it exists.(65)

　　　　　　　　　　　　  NOTES

　　　　  1.  Tso^n-kha-pa's Lam rim chen mo, the sections
　　   'Calming  the Mind  and  Discerning  the Real'.  The
　　   four-alternatives　　 discussion　　 occurs   in   the
　　   'Discerning the Real' section.

　　　　  2.  The passage  is in the Tibetan Tanjur, photo
　　   edition, vol. 103, pp. 39-4-8 to 40-2-2.

　　　　  3.   K.  N.  Jayatilleke,  "The  Logic  of  Four
　　   Alternatives," Philosophy  East and West, 17: 1967):
　　   82; hereafter cited as Jayatilleke, "Logic."

　　　　  4.   Richard   H.   Robinson,  book  review   of
　　   Jayatilleke, Early Buddhist Theory.  Philosophy East
　　   and  West  19,  no.  1  (Jan.,  1969):  72-81.,  see
　　   especially  75-76;   hereafter  cited  as  Robinson,
　　   book-review.

　　　　  5. Richard H. Robinson, "Some Logical Aspects of