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　　   (38) Diigha Nikaaya, Vol.I, pp.19-21

　　   (39) Ibid, p.21

　　　　　　　　　　　　  P.407

　　   permanent.  The soul consisting  of ear, nose tongue

　　   and body is impermanent, not fixed, not eternal  and

　　   having the changeable nature.  But the soul which is

　　   thought or mind or consciousness  (cittan ti va mano

　　   ti va vi~n~naanan ti va) is permanent, eternal etc.

　　　　  d)   Ucchedavaada:   the   seven　　 groups　　 of

　　   Ucchedavaadins  (40) identified  an individual  soul

　　   variously  with physical body, or sensual desire, or

　　   mind, or infinite  space, or infinite consciousness,

　　   or  nothingness,  or  neither  perception   nor  not

　　   perception.  The first  group  believed  in one soul

　　   made of gross matter while the other groups believed

　　   in more than one souls.  And all these groups upheld

　　   the doctrine  that the soul is annihilated  with the

　　   destruction of the body. It appears that even before

　　   the Buddhists  the Ucchedavaadins  denied the belief

　　   in  an eternal  individual  soul  (attaa) which  was

　　   identical  with one of the skandhas.  Therefore this

　　   philosophy  came  to be  known  as the  doctrine  of

　　   nirattaa.

　　　　  So far we have  discussed  the Satkaayad.r.s.ti,

　　   'Saa'svatavaada,　　 Ekaccasasvatavaada　　 and　　 the

　　   Ucchedavaada,  and  these   are  the  only  dominant

　　   heresies  regarding  attaa and relevant to our study

　　   that have been recorded in the Aagamas and Nikaayas.

　　   (41) Presumably  these  were  the four main type  of

　　   heresies that attracted  the attention of the Buddha

　　   and  the early  Buddhists.  It is obvious  that  the

　　   attaa  concepts  discussed  in the Ucchedavaada  and

　　   Satkaayad.r.s.ti can in no way be connected with the

　　   problem  of attaa's  identity  with  the Upani.sadic

　　   Aatman.   It  is  only   ths   'Saa'svatavaada   and

　　   Ekaccasassatavaada   concept  that  deserves  to  be

　　   considered in tis connection.

　　　　  In course  of our discussion  we have noted  the

　　   following  characteristics  of  an eternal  soul  as

　　   envisaged  by the followers  of the  'Saa'svatavaada

　　   and   Ekaccasassatavaada.   The   first   group   of

　　   Ekaccasassatavaada believed that only the

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