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The Poetics of Ch'an:Upaayic Poetry and Its Taosist(29)

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      Pai-chang's ( 749-814 ) three level continuum of

     "the incomplete  and the complete teaching" seems to

     reflect the same experiential  process of awakening.

     Although  Pai-chang  does not use poetry per se, his

     prose is permeated  with poetic  images  that engage

     the   reader   in  a  trans-intellectual   mode   of

     comprehension:

 

      1."The way of two vehicles" (Theravaada Buddhism)

       concerns  the  monks  who diligently  practice

       Buddhist   discipline   in   a   meditational

       lifestyle.  While  this is recognized  as "the

       elementary  good," it is also  criticized  for

       "obstructing  Buddha's  light"  and  "shedding

       Buddha's  blood," The problem here is that the

       practitioner  has taken  it all too seriously,

       and  views   Buddhism   from   too  narrow   a

       perspective. It is the way of "one who is fond

       of the raft [that  is, the doctrine]  and will

       not give it up," which constitutes  a  kind of

       grasping  when in fact  all forms  of grasping

       are  to be exorcised.  It  is, in  effect, and

       attachment to non-attachment.

      2." The half-word teaching " is  an  improvement

       over these well-motivated errors, for there is

       neither   grasping  nor   dwelling   in   non-

       attachment.  Yet even here  we have only  "the

       intermediate  good." The fatal flaw resides in

       "meditation   sickness..the   bondage  of  the

       bodhisattvas."   By   this   is   meant   an

       isolationism  in which  one  is so  intent  on

       /addicted  to meditational  practice  that the

       rest of the world ceases to exist.  This is an

       artificial, even escapist, approach  amounting

       to wisdom  bereft  of  compassion.  Only  con-

       summate  wisdom  allows  for   the  return  to

       in-the-world  experience  without degeneration